OVERTOWN-LIBERTY CITY (MIAMI) RIOT (1989)

On January 16, 1989, Miami police officer William Lozano shot and killed Clement Lloyd, an African American motorcyclist. Allen Blanchard, Lloyd’s passenger, was injured so severely that he died the next day. The shooting sparked riots in the Overtown and Liberty City sections of Miami, Florida until Jan. 21. Although no one died in the riot, 13 businesses were burned, schools were closed, and tear gas was used against rioters. Continue reading OVERTOWN-LIBERTY CITY (MIAMI) RIOT (1989)

Revisit: THE WATTS TRUCE (1992)

The Watts Truce was a peace agreement among rival Blood and Crips street gangs in Los Angeles, California, mainly in the neighborhood of Watts. The Watts Truce occurred days before the Rodney King Riots. This truce was a significant factor in the decline of street violence in Los Angeles after the 1990s. In the late 1960s, the Crips Street Gang was founded by Raymond Lee Washington and Stanley Tookie Williams. As the Crips’ influence grew in Los Angeles in the early 1970s, several independent gangs, including the Brims, Pirus, Bishops, Bounty Hunters, Athens Park Gang, and Denver Lanes, created a coalition to fight back against them. That coalition became the Bloods. Continue reading Revisit: THE WATTS TRUCE (1992)

Revist WILLIAM REYNOLDS V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TOPEKA KANSAS (1903)

In 1879 the Kansas State Legislature passed a law permitting first class cities in Kansas (cities with a population of 15,000 or more) to create racially segregated schools. The Topeka Board of Education quickly followed by segregating elementary schools in the city. Continue reading Revist WILLIAM REYNOLDS V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TOPEKA KANSAS (1903)