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Revisit: HAUSA CITY STATES (CA. 1000-1815)

The Hausa City States were independent political entities in what is now northern Nigeria.  The first of the states, Gobir and Rano, emerged around 1000.  All of the states remained independent until they were conquered by the Sultanate of Sokoto between 1804 and 1815. The Hausa city states emerged as southern terminals of the Trans-Saharan caravan trade.  Like much larger cities such as Gao and Timbuktu in the Mali Empire, these city … Continue reading Revisit: HAUSA CITY STATES (CA. 1000-1815)

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Revisit: GAO, WEST AFRICA (CA. 1450- )

The city of Gao, situated near the north bend of the Niger River, served as the capital city of the Songhai state in West Africa from the 11th century until the fall of the Songhai Empire at the end of the 16th century.  Gao emerged as a powerful and wealthy political center located along the trans-Saharan trade routes and was a center for Islamic study in the 15th and 16th centuries. Archaeological evidence, such as … Continue reading Revisit: GAO, WEST AFRICA (CA. 1450- )

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Revisit: LITTLE LIBERIA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, 1919

Initiated in the early 20th century by Los Angeles attorney Hugh Macbeth and the Lower California Mexican Land and Development Company, the Baja California settlement known as “Little Liberia” was envisioned as a racially-exclusive community through which African Americans would have the opportunity for vocational, economic, and agricultural advancement.  Located northeast of the town of Ensenada, “Little Liberia” was based on the notions of economic … Continue reading Revisit: LITTLE LIBERIA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, 1919

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Events

Revisit: SALTSPRING ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA

Now known as an upscale tourist destination, few people realize that Saltspring Island, British Columbia was seen as a land of freedom and of opportunity for many blacks in the mid-19th Century.  It was a new frontier where blacks were granted rights by the British that had been denied to them in the United States. In the 1850s, Saltspring Island was an attractive place to settle because of its … Continue reading Revisit: SALTSPRING ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA

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