Revisit: THE FLORIDA POLL TAX (1889-1941)

By the end of the Civil War, African Americans made up nearly half of the population of Florida. As in other Southern states, most Blacks in Florida before the Civil War were enslaved people and none had the right to vote. The passage of the 15th Amendment in 1870 theoretically extended the right to vote to all citizens regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. A closer evaluation of the 15th Amendment indicates that it states the right to vote cannot be denied because of race. Continue reading Revisit: THE FLORIDA POLL TAX (1889-1941)

Revist WILLIAM REYNOLDS V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TOPEKA KANSAS (1903)

In 1879 the Kansas State Legislature passed a law permitting first class cities in Kansas (cities with a population of 15,000 or more) to create racially segregated schools. The Topeka Board of Education quickly followed by segregating elementary schools in the city. Continue reading Revist WILLIAM REYNOLDS V. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF TOPEKA KANSAS (1903)

Revisit: LITTLE RIVER COUNTY RACE WAR

The Little River County Race War began in March 1899 in southwestern Arkansas and quickly spilled over into neighboring northeastern Texas after an African American man named General Duckett murdered a white planter, James Stockton, at his home on March 18, 1899. After hiding in the Red River bottoms, Duckett surrendered on March 21, 1899. After the surrender, the Sheriff took him to the crime scene near Rocky Comfort  in Little River County and escorted him to Richmond, the county seat. In some accounts, a white mob which was estimated at around 200, took Duckett from the Sheriff and hanged him. Before he was lynched, he allegedly confessed to murdering Stockton according to these accounts. Continue reading Revisit: LITTLE RIVER COUNTY RACE WAR